Search for:
Category

North America

Category

Earlier this year, Canada’s mandatory reporting rules were broadly expanded by lowering the thresholds to trigger a reporting obligation and increasing the information that must be reported to the Canada Revenue Agency As a result, taxpayers may be required to flag certain mergers and acquisitions transactions in real time if it could be reasonably concluded that one of the main purposes of entering into the transaction was to obtain a tax benefit.

In this In Focus video, our Canadian Tax and Corporate Transactions lawyers discuss how common contractual protection clauses could trigger an early reporting requirement and expose taxpayers to significant penalties if they fail to report.

In June 2019, the Canada Business Corporations Act (CBCA) was amended to require private CBCA corporations to prepare and maintain a register of “individuals with significant control” (the “ISC Register“).
There have been two key changes since this requirement was first introduced:

  1. In May 2023, regulations were published to exempt additional corporations from having to prepare and maintain an ISC Register and to provide further compliance guidance.
  2. Amendments to the CBCA have been enacted imposing, amongst other things, the requirement to publicly file certain information contained in the ISC Register with Corporations Canada and to increase penalties for non compliance.

Much of the focus around climate legislation coming out of the latest California legislative session has been on new, far-reaching requirements pertaining to disclosure of climate data and climate-related financial risk. However, California also adopted a third law related to climate change last year – AB 1305 – which has received somewhat less attention but may well have a wider and more immediate effect. Intended to address greenwashing claims, particularly related to voluntary carbon offsets (“VCO”), the Voluntary Carbon Market Disclosure Act mandates disclosure by entities that: (1) sell VCO credits in California; (2) buy or use VCO credits sold in California; and/or (3) make climate claims about corporate performance or products.

In 2023, we helped Canadian employers overcome a host of new challenges across the employment law landscape. Many companies started the year with difficult cost-cutting decisions and hybrid work challenges. In our 75-minute “quick hits” format, we’ll help Canadian in-house counsel and human resources leaders track what to keep top-of-mind for 2024.

In Christensen v. United States, the Court of Federal Claims held that a husband and wife could credit French income taxes against their US net investment income tax. Christensen has an immediate and direct impact on taxpayers who are subject to the 3.8% net investment income tax.
Taxpayers who pay the net investment income tax and who reside in treaty jurisdictions should review their treaty positions and evaluate their ability to claim foreign tax credits under an applicable treaty for prior years and going forward.

On 11 December 2023, Treasury and the IRS issued Notice 2023-80 (the “Notice”), which represents the US government’s first attempt to address the US federal income tax implications of Pillar Two. The Notice provides guidance on certain foreign tax credit and dual consolidated loss issues that arise in the context of Pillar Two. The Notice also extends the period of relief for the 2021 final foreign tax credit regulations until more guidance is issued.

Potentially fraudulent employee retention credit (ERC) claims are an issue of great concern to both Congress and the IRS, resulting in civil and criminal investigations of certain “ERC mill” promoters. Larger employers have seen these kinds of claims arise in due diligence when looking to purchase a smaller company. We discuss actions taken by the IRS to combat potentially fraudulent claims.

On 18 December 2023, the Antitrust Division of the US Department of Justice (DOJ) and the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) jointly issued their highly anticipated final version of the 2023 Merger Guidelines . The issuance of the Guidelines follows the agencies’ release of draft guidelines in July and the conclusion of a public notice-and-comment period. The Guidelines set out how the agencies assess whether mergers and acquisitions threaten anticompetitive harm in violation of US antitrust laws.

Most notably, the newly issued Guidelines retained the lower thresholds for establishing presumptions of anticompetitive harm — including if the merger gives the combined firm more than 30% market share. Additionally, the Guidelines outline a holistic approach for analyzing vertical mergers.

On 1 December 2023, the US Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit reversed a Sherman Act conviction of a former executive of an aluminum products manufacturer for failure to state a per se antitrust offense. While DOJ is considering en banc review of this opinion, if upheld the decision could have lasting implications for how the DOJ proceeds with indictments involving parties that engage in dual distribution. We will continue to monitor for future developments in this case as it moves forward.